Turning impersonal verb haber into plural. Using present continuous to express future. Leísmo de cortesía: to sound more polite, the pronoun le takes the place of lo or la when it refers to a person. This is associated with low-status groups. → Estaba seguro que vendrías.Īdding a final N when the plural form of the imperative ends with a pronoun. → Me di cuenta que no traje mis llaves.Įstaba seguro de que vendrías. This is called queísmo and is considered an incorrect use of the language. The preposition de is dropped with verbs that require to be followed by de que. Le pedí dinero prestado para yo no preocuparme. This happens especially when asking questions and when using a verb in the infinitive. The subject pronoun is explicit and it is placed right before the verb. Preterite is used to talk about the recent past, which is definitively one of the main differences between American Spanish and European Spanish. Only in two little regions of the east of Cuba, the pronoun vos is used. The pronoun ustedes is used for plural you.
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The pronoun tú is used as an informal you to express closeness and familiarity. In the north of Dominican Republic, instead of turning the R into an L, it is turned into an I, and in the southeast, it is just dropped. This phenomenon is called lambdacism and happens in Puerto Rico and in Dominican Republic, in the area close to Santo Domingo. Turning R into an L when it is placed at the end of a syllable. Turning the rolled R into a hard H in some areas of Puerto Rico. Sometimes the consonant is dropped, especially in Cuba, Puerto Rico, and Dominican Republic. When a word ends in N, the previous vowel acquires a nasal sound. This happens in Cuba, Puerto Rico, and Dominican Republic.ĭropping consonants, mainly L, R, N, and D, if they are located at the end of a word. Widening vowels as a result of the aspiration of the S. Softening the CH sound, pronouncing it as SH, in certain areas of Puerto Rico and urban regions of Venezuela. To sound more polite, the pronoun le takes the place of lo or la when it refers to a person. This also happens in regions that have contact with Catalan and also in Chile. Placing a definite article before someone’s name. Spain: Esta mañana he tenido un accidente. Present perfect is used to talk about the recent past. They don’t even change the pronoun when there is one. Infinitive is used as imperative for ustedes or vosotros. Vosotros is more common in Western Andalusia, especially with friends and family.Īlso in Western Andalusia, the pronoun se is used instead of os. The pronouns vosotros and ustedes are both is used as a plural you.
![all spanish words with accents list all spanish words with accents list](https://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/1139/1566/files/List_S2_Words.png)
The pronoun tú is used as an informal you, to express closeness and familiarity. Like R and L, the N and D sounds are also dropped if they are at the end of a word. The R sound also disappears when it is followed by an L or an N. When these letters are at the end of a word, they are just dropped. Turning the L into an R or the R into an L when they are located at the end of a syllable. The sound of the letter J and the syllables GE and GI is soft, like an H in English. Doing this depends on the context and is avoided by high-status groups. Softening the CH sound, pronouncing it as SH. When this sound is in between two vowels, it even disappears. This is called ceceo.Īspirating the S when it is located at the beginning of a syllable. In the south of Andalucía and Almería, on the other hand, people do the exact opposite: they pronounce the letters Z and S and the syllables CE and CI with the sound of a Z. Nevertheless, in Jaén, Almería, the eastern part of Granada, and in some parts of the Castelan-Andalusian border in the north of Córdoba and in the north of Huelva, S and Z keep their distinctive sound. Pronouncing Z like an S, as well as the letter C when followed by an E or an I. This is called loísmo and is also considered incorrect. Not very common, but sometimes the pronoun lo replaces le when it refers to a man, mainly in rural areas of Castilla and Leon. This is called laísmo and is considered to be an incorrect use. The pronoun la is often used instead of le when it refers to a woman, especially in Castilla and Leon, in Madrid and its area of influence.
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This last one is considered to be an incorrect use of the language, as well as using le to refer to a feminine noun or to a thing, but it happens. → Ayer vi a Juan y le invite a la fiesta. This is called leísmo de persona.Īyer vi a Juan y lo invite a la fiesta. The pronoun le is sometimes used instead of lo or la, especially when it refers to a man. Pluperfect: hubiera hablado → hubiese hablado Imperfect and pluperfect subjunctive use the ending -se. Marina uses the present perfect to talk about the recent past when she says “ … hemos venido a caminar por la montaña.“